Oxidizers, Oxidizing Gases and Oxidizing Cryogenic Fluids

This chapter governs the safe storage and use of oxidizers, oxidizing gases, and oxidizing cryogenic fluids, referencing other specific chapters for detailed compliance.

4001 — General

4001.1 Scope. The storage and use of oxidizing materials shall be in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 27. Oxidizing gases shall also comply with Chapter 30. Oxidizing cryogenic fluids shall also comply with Chapter 32.

Exceptions: Display and storage in Group M and storage in Group S occupancies complying with Section 2703.11. Bulk oxygen systems at industrial and institutional consumer sites shall be in accordance with NFPA 55. Liquid oxygen stored or used in home health care in Group I-I, 1-4 and R occupancies in accordance with Section 4006.

Exceptions:

Display and storage in Group M and storage in Group S occupancies complying with Section 2703.11.
Bulk oxygen systems at industrial and institutional consumer sites shall be in accordance with NFPA 55.
Liquid oxygen stored or used in home health care in Group I-I, 1-4 and R occupancies in accordance with Section 4006.

4001.2 Permits. Permits shall be required as set forth in Section 105.6.

4002 — Definitions

4002.1 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, have the meanings shown herein.

BULK OXYGEN SYSTEM. An assembly of equipment, such as oxygen storage containers, pressure regulators, safety devices, vaporizers, manifolds and interconnecting piping, that has a storage capacity of more than 20,000 cubic feet (566 m3) of oxygen at normal temperature and pressure (NTP) including unconnected reserves on hand at the site. The bulk oxygen system terminates at the point where oxygen at service pressure first enters the supply line. The oxygen containers can be stationary or movable, and the oxygen can be stored as a gas or liquid.

LIQUID OXYGEN AMBULATORY CONTAINER. A container used for liquid oxygen not exceeding 0.396 gallons (1.5 liters) specifically designed for use as a medical device as defined by 21 USC Chapter 9 that is intended for portable therapeutic use and to be filled from its companion base unit (a liquid oxygen home care container).

LIQUID OXYGEN HOME CARE CONTAINER. A container used for liquid oxygen not exceeding 15.8 gallons (60 liters) specifically designed for use as a medical device as defined by 21 USC Chapter 9 that is intended to deliver gaseous oxygen for therapeutic use in a home environment.

OXIDIZER. A material that readily yields oxygen or other oxidizing gas, or that readily reacts to promote or initiate combustion of combustible materials and, if heated or contaminated' can result in vigorous self-sustained decomposition.

Class 4. An oxidizer that can undergo an explosive reaction due to contamination or exposure to thermal or physical shock and that causes a severe increase in the burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes into contact. Additionally, the oxidizer causes a severe increase in the burning rate and can cause spontaneous ignition of combustibles. Class 3. An oxidizer that causes a severe increase in the burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes in contact. Class 2. An oxidizer that will cause a moderate increase in the burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes in contact. Class 1. An oxidizer that does not moderately increase the burning rate of combustible materials.

Class 4. An oxidizer that can undergo an explosive reaction due to contamination or exposure to thermal or physical shock and that causes a severe increase in the burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes into contact. Additionally, the oxidizer causes a severe increase in the burning rate and can cause spontaneous ignition of combustibles.

Class 3. An oxidizer that causes a severe increase in the burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes in contact.

Class 2. An oxidizer that will cause a moderate increase in the burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes in contact.

Class 1. An oxidizer that does not moderately increase the burning rate of combustible materials.

OXIDIZING CRYOGENIC FLUID. An oxidizing gas in the cryogenic state.

OXIDIZING GAS. A gas that can support and accelerate combustion of other materials more than air does.

4003 — General Requirements

4003.1 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of oxidizing materials in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantityper controlarea indicated in Section 2703.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 2701, 2703, 4001 and 4003. Oxidizing gases shall also comply with Chapter 30.

4003.1.1 Special limitations for indoor storage and use by occupancy. The indoor storage and use of oxidizing materials shall be in accordance with Sections 4003.1.1.1 through 4003.1.1.3.

4003.1.1 Special limitations for indoor storage and use by occupancy. The indoor storage and use of oxidizing materials shall be in accordance with Sections 4003.1.1.1 through 4003.1.1.3.

4003.1.1.1 Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers. The storage and use of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall comply with Sections 4003.1.1.1.1 through 4003.1.1.1.4. 4003.1.1.1.1 Group A, E, I or U occupancies. In Group A, E, I or U occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following: Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. The hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage. 4003.1.1.1.2 Group R occupancies. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used within Group R occupancies. 4003.1.1.1.3 Offices and retail sales areas. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used in offices or retail sales areas of Group B, F, M or S occupancies. 4003.1.1.1.4 Classrooms. In classrooms of Group B, F or M occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following: Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. Hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage. 4003.1.1.2 Class 3 liquid and solid oxidizers. A maximum of 200 pounds (91 kg) of solid or 20 gallons (76 L) of liquid Class 3 oxidizer is allowed in Group I occupancies when such materials are necessary for maintenance purposes or operation of equipment. The oxidizers shall be stored in approved containers and in an approved manner. 4003.1.1.3 Oxidizing gases. Except for cylinders of nonliquefied compressedgases not exceeding a capacity of 250 cubic feet (7 m3) or liquefied compressed gases not exceeding a capacity of 46 pounds (21 kg) each used for maintenance purposes, patient care or operation of equipment, oxidizing gases shall not be stored or used in Group A, E, I or R occupancies or in offices in Group B occupancies. The aggregate quantities of gases used for maintenance purposes and operation of equipment shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantityper control area listed in Table 2703.1.1 (1). Medical gas systems and medical gas supply cylinders shall also be in accordance with Section 3006. 4003.1.2 Emergency shutoff. Compressed gas systems conveying oxidizing gases shall be provided with approved manual or automatic emergency shutoff valves that can be activated at each point of use and at each source. 4003.1.2.1 Shutoff at source. A manual or automatic fail-safe emergency shutoff valve shall be installed on supply piping at the cylinder or bulk source. Manual or automatic cylinder valves are allowed to be used as the required emergency shutoff valve when the source of supply is limited to unmanifolded cylinder sources. 4003.1.2.2 Shutoff at point of use. A manual or automatic emergency shutoff valve shall be installed on the supply piping at the point of use or at a point where the equipment using the gas is connected to the supply system. 4003.1.3 Ignition source control. Ignition sources in areas containing oxidizing gases shall be controlled in accordance with Section 2703.7.

4003.1.1.1 Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers. The storage and use of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall comply with Sections 4003.1.1.1.1 through 4003.1.1.1.4. 4003.1.1.1.1 Group A, E, I or U occupancies. In Group A, E, I or U occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following: Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. The hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage. 4003.1.1.1.2 Group R occupancies. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used within Group R occupancies. 4003.1.1.1.3 Offices and retail sales areas. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used in offices or retail sales areas of Group B, F, M or S occupancies. 4003.1.1.1.4 Classrooms. In classrooms of Group B, F or M occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following: Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. Hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage. 4003.1.1.2 Class 3 liquid and solid oxidizers. A maximum of 200 pounds (91 kg) of solid or 20 gallons (76 L) of liquid Class 3 oxidizer is allowed in Group I occupancies when such materials are necessary for maintenance purposes or operation of equipment. The oxidizers shall be stored in approved containers and in an approved manner. 4003.1.1.3 Oxidizing gases. Except for cylinders of nonliquefied compressedgases not exceeding a capacity of 250 cubic feet (7 m3) or liquefied compressed gases not exceeding a capacity of 46 pounds (21 kg) each used for maintenance purposes, patient care or operation of equipment, oxidizing gases shall not be stored or used in Group A, E, I or R occupancies or in offices in Group B occupancies. The aggregate quantities of gases used for maintenance purposes and operation of equipment shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantityper control area listed in Table 2703.1.1 (1). Medical gas systems and medical gas supply cylinders shall also be in accordance with Section 3006.

4003.1.1.1 Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers. The storage and use of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall comply with Sections 4003.1.1.1.1 through 4003.1.1.1.4.

4003.1.1.1.1 Group A, E, I or U occupancies. In Group A, E, I or U occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following: Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. The hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage. 4003.1.1.1.2 Group R occupancies. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used within Group R occupancies. 4003.1.1.1.3 Offices and retail sales areas. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used in offices or retail sales areas of Group B, F, M or S occupancies. 4003.1.1.1.4 Classrooms. In classrooms of Group B, F or M occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following: Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. Hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

4003.1.1.1.1 Group A, E, I or U occupancies. In Group A, E, I or U occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following:

Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. The hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7.
The hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

4003.1.1.1.2 Group R occupancies. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used within Group R occupancies.

4003.1.1.1.3 Offices and retail sales areas. Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored or used in offices or retail sales areas of Group B, F, M or S occupancies.

4003.1.1.1.4 Classrooms. In classrooms of Group B, F or M occupancies, any amount of Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in accordance with the following:

Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7. Hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

Class 4 liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets complying with Section 2703.8.7.
Hazardous materials storage cabinets shall not contain other storage.

4003.1.1.2 Class 3 liquid and solid oxidizers. A maximum of 200 pounds (91 kg) of solid or 20 gallons (76 L) of liquid Class 3 oxidizer is allowed in Group I occupancies when such materials are necessary for maintenance purposes or operation of equipment. The oxidizers shall be stored in approved containers and in an approved manner.

4003.1.1.3 Oxidizing gases. Except for cylinders of nonliquefied compressedgases not exceeding a capacity of 250 cubic feet (7 m3) or liquefied compressed gases not exceeding a capacity of 46 pounds (21 kg) each used for maintenance purposes, patient care or operation of equipment, oxidizing gases shall not be stored or used in Group A, E, I or R occupancies or in offices in Group B occupancies.

The aggregate quantities of gases used for maintenance purposes and operation of equipment shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantityper control area listed in Table 2703.1.1 (1).

Medical gas systems and medical gas supply cylinders shall also be in accordance with Section 3006.

4003.1.2 Emergency shutoff. Compressed gas systems conveying oxidizing gases shall be provided with approved manual or automatic emergency shutoff valves that can be activated at each point of use and at each source.

4003.1.2.1 Shutoff at source. A manual or automatic fail-safe emergency shutoff valve shall be installed on supply piping at the cylinder or bulk source. Manual or automatic cylinder valves are allowed to be used as the required emergency shutoff valve when the source of supply is limited to unmanifolded cylinder sources. 4003.1.2.2 Shutoff at point of use. A manual or automatic emergency shutoff valve shall be installed on the supply piping at the point of use or at a point where the equipment using the gas is connected to the supply system.

4003.1.2.1 Shutoff at source. A manual or automatic fail-safe emergency shutoff valve shall be installed on supply piping at the cylinder or bulk source. Manual or automatic cylinder valves are allowed to be used as the required emergency shutoff valve when the source of supply is limited to unmanifolded cylinder sources.

4003.1.2.2 Shutoff at point of use. A manual or automatic emergency shutoff valve shall be installed on the supply piping at the point of use or at a point where the equipment using the gas is connected to the supply system.

4003.1.3 Ignition source control. Ignition sources in areas containing oxidizing gases shall be controlled in accordance with Section 2703.7.

4003.2 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area. The storage and use of oxidizing materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantityper control area indicated in Section 2703.1 shall be in accordance with Chapter 27 and this chapter.

Worked example

Scenario: An outpatient clinic stores small amounts of oxidizers, such as cleaning supplies, in quantities that do not exceed the maximum allowable quantity (MAQ) per control area specified in Section 2703.1.

Explanation: The clinic must ensure the storage and use of these materials comply with the general requirements outlined in Sections 2701, 2703, 4001, and 4003. If any of these are oxidizing gases, Chapter 30 requirements also apply.

4004 — Storage

4004.1 Indoor storage. Indoor storage of oxidizing materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 2703.1.1(1) shall be in accordance with Sections 2701, 2703 and 2704 and this chapter.

4004.1.1 Detached storage. Storage ofliquid and solid oxidizers shall be in detached buildings when required by Section 2703.8.2. 4004.1.2 Distance from detached storage buildings to exposures. In addition to the requirements of the International Building Code, detached storage buildings shall be located in accordance with Table 4004.1.2.

4004.1.1 Detached storage. Storage ofliquid and solid oxidizers shall be in detached buildings when required by Section 2703.8.2.

4004.1.2 Distance from detached storage buildings to exposures. In addition to the requirements of the International Building Code, detached storage buildings shall be located in accordance with Table 4004.1.2.

A table appears here in the adopted code. Refer to the official source for the full table.

4004.1.3 Explosion control. Indoor storage rooms, areas and buildings containing Class 4 liquid or solid oxidizers shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911. 4004.1.4 Automatic sprinkler system. The automatic sprinkler system shall be designed in accordance with NFPA 430. 4004.1.5 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to Section 2704.12, floors of storage areas for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be of liquid-tight construction. 4004.1.6 Smoke detection. An approvedsupervised smoke detection system in accordance with Section 907 shall be installed in liquid and solid oxidizer storage areas. Activation ofthe smoke detection system shall sound a local alarm. Exception: Detached storage buildings protected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system. 4004.1.7 Storage conditions. The maximum quantity of oxidizers per building in detached storage buildings shall not exceed those quantities set forth in Tables 4004.1.7(1) through 4004.1.7(4). The storage configuration for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be as set forth in Tables 4004.1.7(1) through 4004.1.7(4). Class 2 oxidizers shall not be stored in basements except when such storage is in stationary tanks. Class 3 and 4 oxidizers in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantityper control area set forth in Section 2703.1 shall be stored on the ground floor only.

4004.1.3 Explosion control. Indoor storage rooms, areas and buildings containing Class 4 liquid or solid oxidizers shall be provided with explosion control in accordance with Section 911.

4004.1.4 Automatic sprinkler system. The automatic sprinkler system shall be designed in accordance with NFPA 430.

4004.1.5 Liquid-tight floor. In addition to Section 2704.12, floors of storage areas for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be of liquid-tight construction.

4004.1.6 Smoke detection. An approvedsupervised smoke detection system in accordance with Section 907 shall be

installed in liquid and solid oxidizer storage areas. Activation ofthe smoke detection system shall sound a local alarm.

Exception: Detached storage buildings protected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system.

4004.1.7 Storage conditions. The maximum quantity of oxidizers per building in detached storage buildings shall not exceed those quantities set forth in Tables 4004.1.7(1) through 4004.1.7(4).

The storage configuration for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be as set forth in Tables 4004.1.7(1) through 4004.1.7(4).

Class 2 oxidizers shall not be stored in basements except when such storage is in stationary tanks.

Class 3 and 4 oxidizers in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantityper control area set forth in Section 2703.1 shall be stored on the ground floor only.

A table appears here in the adopted code. Refer to the official source for the full table.

4004.1.8 Separation of Class 4 oxidizers from other materials. In addition to the requirements in Section 2703.9.8, Class 4 oxidizer liquids and solids shall be separated from other hazardous materials by not less than a I-hour fire barrier or stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets. Detached storage buildings for Class 4 oxidizer liquids and solids shall be located a minimum of 50 feet (15 240 mm) from other hazardous materials storage. 4004.1.9 Contamination. Liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored on or against combustible surfaces. Liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in a manner to prevent contamination.

4004.1.8 Separation of Class 4 oxidizers from other materials. In addition to the requirements in Section 2703.9.8, Class 4 oxidizer liquids and solids shall be separated from other hazardous materials by not less than a I-hour fire barrier or stored in hazardous materials storage cabinets.

Detached storage buildings for Class 4 oxidizer liquids and solids shall be located a minimum of 50 feet (15 240 mm) from other hazardous materials storage.

4004.1.9 Contamination. Liquid and solid oxidizers shall not be stored on or against combustible surfaces. Liquid and solid oxidizers shall be stored in a manner to prevent contamination.

4004.2 Outdoor storage. Outdoor storage of oxidizing materials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantities per control area set forth in Table 2703.1.1(3) shall be in accordance with Sections 2701, 2703, 2704 and this chapter. Oxidizing gases shall also comply with Chapter 30.

4004.2.1 Distance from storage to exposures for liquid and solid oxidizers. Outdoor storage areas for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be located in accordance with Table 4004.1.2. 4004.2.2 Distance from storage to exposures for oxidizer gases. Outdoor storage areas for oxidizing gases shall be located in accordance with Table 4004.2.2. 4004.2.2.1 Oxidizing cryogenic fluids. Outdoor storage areas for oxidizing cryogenic fluids shall be located in accordance with Chapter 32. 4004.2.3 Storage configuration for liquid and solid oxidizers. Storage configuration for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be in accordance with Tables 4004.1.7(1) through 4004.1.7(4). 4004.2.4 Storage configuration for oxidizing gases. Storage configuration for oxidizing gases shall be in accordance with Table 4004.2.2.

4004.2.1 Distance from storage to exposures for liquid and solid oxidizers. Outdoor storage areas for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be located in accordance with Table 4004.1.2.

4004.2.2 Distance from storage to exposures for oxidizer gases. Outdoor storage areas for oxidizing gases shall be located in accordance with Table 4004.2.2.

4004.2.2.1 Oxidizing cryogenic fluids. Outdoor storage areas for oxidizing cryogenic fluids shall be located in accordance with Chapter 32.

4004.2.2.1 Oxidizing cryogenic fluids. Outdoor storage areas for oxidizing cryogenic fluids shall be located in accordance with Chapter 32.

4004.2.3 Storage configuration for liquid and solid oxidizers. Storage configuration for liquid and solid oxidizers shall be in accordance with Tables 4004.1.7(1) through 4004.1.7(4).

4004.2.4 Storage configuration for oxidizing gases. Storage configuration for oxidizing gases shall be in accordance with Table 4004.2.2.

Worked example

Scenario: A chemical warehouse plans to store large quantities of a Class 3 oxidizer, such as calcium hypochlorite, where the total amount exceeds the MAQ listed in Table 2703.1.1(1) for their control area.

Explanation: The design and operation of this indoor storage facility must strictly adhere to the specific requirements detailed in Sections 2701, 2703, and 2704, in addition to the general provisions of Chapter 40.

4005 — Use

4005.1 Scope. The use of oxidizers in amounts exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 2703.1.1 (1) or 2703.1.1 (3) shall be in accordance with Sections 2701, 2703, 2705 and this chapter. Oxidizing gases shall also comply with Chapter 30.

Worked example

Scenario: A manufacturing plant utilizes a Class 2 oxidizer in its production process, with the amount present in the use area exceeding the MAQ specified in Table 2703.1.1(1) or 2703.1.1(3).

Explanation: The facility's operational procedures and safety measures for this use must comply with the requirements of Sections 2701, 2703, and 2705, along with the provisions of Chapter 40. If the oxidizer is an oxidizing gas, Chapter 30 also applies.

4006 — Liquid Oxygen in Home Health Care

4006.1 General. The storage and use of liquid oxygen (LOX) in home health care in Group I-I, 1-4 and R occupancies shall comply with Sections 4006.2 through 4006.6, or shall be stored and used accordance with Chapter 27.

4006.2 Information and instructions to be provided. The seller of liquid oxygen shall provide the user with information in written form that includes, but is not limited to, the following:

Manufacturer's instructions and labeling for safe storage and use of the containers.
Locating containers away from ignition sources, exits, electrical hazards and high temperature devices in accordance with Section 4006.3.3.
Restraint of containers to prevent falling in accordance with Section 4006.3.4.
Requirements for handling containers in accordance with Section 4006.3.5.
Safeguards for refilling containers in accordance with Section 4006.3.6.
Signage requirements in accordance with Section 4006.6.

4006.3 Liquid oxygen home care containers. Containers of liquid oxygen in home health care shall be in accordance with Sections 4006.3.1 through 4006.3.6.

4006.3.1 Maximum individual container capacity. Liquid oxygen home care containers shall not exceed an individual capacity of 15.8 gallons (60 L) in Group 1-1,1-4 and R occupancies. Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed in Group I-I, 1-4 and R occupancies. Containers of liquid oxygen in home health care shall also be stored, used and filled in accordance with Sections 4006, 3203.1 and 3203.2. 4006.3.2 Manufacturer's instructions and labeling. Containers shall be stored, used and operated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and labeling. 4006.3.3 Locating containers. Containers shall not be located in areas where: They can be overturned due to operation of a door; They are in the direct path of egress; They are subject to falling objects; They can become part of an electrical circuit; or Open flames and high-temperature devices can cause a hazard. 4006.3.4 Restraining containers. Liquid oxygen home care containers shall be restrained while in storage or use to prevent falling caused by contact, vibration or seismic activity. Containers shall be restrained by one of the following methods: Restraining containers to a fixed object with one or more restraints. Restraining containers within a framework, stand or assembly designed to secure the container. Restraining containers by locating a container against two points of contact such as the walls of a corner of a TABLE 4004.2.2OXIDIZER GASES-DISTANCE FROM STORAGE TO EXPOSURESa QUANTITY OF GAS STORED(cubic feet at NTP) DISTANCE TO A BUILDING NOT ASSOCIATED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OR DISTRIBUTION OF OXIDIZING GASES OR PUBLIC WAY OR LOT LINE THAT CAN BE BUILT UPON (feet) DISTANCE BETWEEN STORAGE AREAS(feet) 0-50,000 5 5 50,001 - 100,000 10 10 100,001 15 10 For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot = 0.02832 m3. a. The minimum required distances shall not apply when fire barriers without openings or penetrations having a minimum fire-resistance rating of 2 hours interrupt the line ofsight between the storage and the exposure. The configuration of the fire barrier shall be designed to allow natural ventilation to prevent the accumulation of hazardous gas concentrations. room or a wall and a secure furnishing or object such as a desk. 4006.3.5 Container handling. Containers shall be handled by use of a cart or hand truck designed for such use. Exceptions: Liquid oxygen home care containers equipped with a roller base. Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed to be hand carried. 4006.3.6 Filling of containers. The filling of containers shall be in accordance with Sections 4006.3.6.1 through 4006.3.6.3. 4006.3.6.1 Filling location. Liquid oxygen home care containers and ambulatory containers shall be filled outdoors. Exception: Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed to be filled indoors where the supply container is specifically designed for filling such containers and written instructions are provided by the container manufacturer. 4006.3.6.2 Incompatible surfaces. A drip pan compatible with liquid oxygen shall be provided under home care container fill and vent connections during the filling process in order to protect against liquid oxygen spillage from coming into contact with combustible surfaces, including asphalt. 4006.3.6.3 Open flames and high-temperature devices. The use of open flames and high-temperature devices shall be in accordance with Section 2703.7.2. 4006.4 Maximum aggregate quantity. The maximum aggregate quantity of liquid oxygen allowed in storage and in use in each dwelling unit shall be 31.6 gallons (120 L). Exceptions: The maximum aggregate quantity of liquid oxygen allowed in Group 1-4 occupancies shall be limited by the maximum allowable quantity set forth in Table 2703.1.1(1). Where individual sleeping rooms are separated from the remainder of the dwelling unit by fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the International BUilding Code, and horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712 of the International BUilding Code, or both, having a minimum fire-resistance rating of 1 hour, the maximum aggregate quantity per dwelling unit shall be increased to allow a maximum of31.6 gallons (120 L) of liquid oxygen per sleeping room. 4006.5 Smoking prohibited. Smoking shall be prohibited in rooms or areas where liquid oxygen is in use. 4006.6 Signs. Warning signs for occupancies using home health care liquid oxygen shall be in accordance with Sections 4006.6.1 and 4006.6.2. 4006.6.1 No smoking sign. A sign stating "OXYGEN-NO SMOKING" shall be posted in each room or area where liquid oxygen containers are stored, used or filled. 4006.6.2 Premises signage. Where required by the fire code official, each dwelling unit or sleeping unit shall have an approved sign indicating that the unit contains liquid oxygen home care containers. 4006.7 Fire department notification. Where required by the fire code official, the liquid oxygen seller shall notify the fire department of the locations of liquid oxygen home care containers.

4006.3.1 Maximum individual container capacity. Liquid oxygen home care containers shall not exceed an individual capacity of 15.8 gallons (60 L) in Group 1-1,1-4 and R occupancies. Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed in Group I-I, 1-4 and R occupancies. Containers of liquid oxygen in home health care shall also be stored, used and filled in accordance with Sections 4006, 3203.1 and 3203.2.

4006.3.2 Manufacturer's instructions and labeling. Containers shall be stored, used and operated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and labeling.

4006.3.3 Locating containers. Containers shall not be located in areas where:

They can be overturned due to operation of a door;
They are in the direct path of egress;
They are subject to falling objects;
They can become part of an electrical circuit; or
Open flames and high-temperature devices can cause a hazard.

4006.3.4 Restraining containers. Liquid oxygen home care containers shall be restrained while in storage or use to prevent falling caused by contact, vibration or seismic activity. Containers shall be restrained by one of the following methods:

Restraining containers to a fixed object with one or more restraints.
Restraining containers within a framework, stand or assembly designed to secure the container.
Restraining containers by locating a container against two points of contact such as the walls of a corner of a TABLE 4004.2.2OXIDIZER GASES-DISTANCE FROM STORAGE TO EXPOSURESa QUANTITY OF GAS STORED(cubic feet at NTP) DISTANCE TO A BUILDING NOT ASSOCIATED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OR DISTRIBUTION OF OXIDIZING GASES OR PUBLIC WAY OR LOT LINE THAT CAN BE BUILT UPON (feet) DISTANCE BETWEEN STORAGE AREAS(feet) 0-50,000 5 5 50,001 - 100,000 10 10 100,001 15 10 For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot = 0.02832 m3. a. The minimum required distances shall not apply when fire barriers without openings or penetrations having a minimum fire-resistance rating of 2 hours interrupt the line ofsight between the storage and the exposure. The configuration of the fire barrier shall be designed to allow natural ventilation to prevent the accumulation of hazardous gas concentrations. room or a wall and a secure furnishing or object such as a desk.

A table appears here in the adopted code. Refer to the official source for the full table.

4006.3.5 Container handling. Containers shall be handled by use of a cart or hand truck designed for such use.

Exceptions: Liquid oxygen home care containers equipped with a roller base. Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed to be hand carried.

Exceptions:

Liquid oxygen home care containers equipped with a roller base.
Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed to be hand carried.

4006.3.6 Filling of containers. The filling of containers shall be in accordance with Sections 4006.3.6.1 through 4006.3.6.3.

4006.3.6.1 Filling location. Liquid oxygen home care containers and ambulatory containers shall be filled outdoors. Exception: Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed to be filled indoors where the supply container is specifically designed for filling such containers and written instructions are provided by the container manufacturer. 4006.3.6.2 Incompatible surfaces. A drip pan compatible with liquid oxygen shall be provided under home care container fill and vent connections during the filling process in order to protect against liquid oxygen spillage from coming into contact with combustible surfaces, including asphalt. 4006.3.6.3 Open flames and high-temperature devices. The use of open flames and high-temperature devices shall be in accordance with Section 2703.7.2.

4006.3.6.1 Filling location. Liquid oxygen home care containers and ambulatory containers shall be filled outdoors.

Exception: Liquid oxygen ambulatory containers are allowed to be filled indoors where the supply container is specifically designed for filling such containers and written instructions are provided by the container manufacturer.

4006.3.6.2 Incompatible surfaces. A drip pan compatible with liquid oxygen shall be provided under home care container fill and vent connections during the filling process in order to protect against liquid oxygen spillage from coming into contact with combustible surfaces, including asphalt.

4006.3.6.3 Open flames and high-temperature devices. The use of open flames and high-temperature devices shall be in accordance with Section 2703.7.2.

4006.4 Maximum aggregate quantity. The maximum aggregate quantity of liquid oxygen allowed in storage and in use in each dwelling unit shall be 31.6 gallons (120 L).

Exceptions: The maximum aggregate quantity of liquid oxygen allowed in Group 1-4 occupancies shall be limited by the maximum allowable quantity set forth in Table 2703.1.1(1). Where individual sleeping rooms are separated from the remainder of the dwelling unit by fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the International BUilding Code, and horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712 of the International BUilding Code, or both, having a minimum fire-resistance rating of 1 hour, the maximum aggregate quantity per dwelling unit shall be increased to allow a maximum of31.6 gallons (120 L) of liquid oxygen per sleeping room.

Exceptions:

The maximum aggregate quantity of liquid oxygen allowed in Group 1-4 occupancies shall be limited by the maximum allowable quantity set forth in Table 2703.1.1(1).
Where individual sleeping rooms are separated from the remainder of the dwelling unit by fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the International BUilding Code, and horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712 of the International BUilding Code, or both, having a minimum fire-resistance rating of 1 hour, the maximum aggregate quantity per dwelling unit shall be increased to allow a maximum of31.6 gallons (120 L) of liquid oxygen per sleeping room.

4006.5 Smoking prohibited. Smoking shall be prohibited in rooms or areas where liquid oxygen is in use.

4006.6 Signs. Warning signs for occupancies using home health care liquid oxygen shall be in accordance with Sections 4006.6.1 and 4006.6.2.

4006.6.1 No smoking sign. A sign stating "OXYGEN-NO SMOKING" shall be posted in each room or area where liquid oxygen containers are stored, used or filled. 4006.6.2 Premises signage. Where required by the fire code official, each dwelling unit or sleeping unit shall have an approved sign indicating that the unit contains liquid oxygen home care containers.

4006.6.1 No smoking sign. A sign stating "OXYGEN-NO SMOKING" shall be posted in each room or area where liquid oxygen containers are stored, used or filled.

4006.6.2 Premises signage. Where required by the fire code official, each dwelling unit or sleeping unit shall have an approved sign indicating that the unit contains liquid oxygen home care containers.

4006.7 Fire department notification. Where required by the fire code official, the liquid oxygen seller shall notify the fire department of the locations of liquid oxygen home care containers.

Worked example

Scenario: A patient residing in a Group R (residential) occupancy requires home health care that involves the use and storage of liquid oxygen (LOX) equipment.

Explanation: The setup and operation of this LOX system must either conform to the specific safety guidelines detailed in Sections 4006.2 through 4006.6 of this chapter, or alternatively, follow the broader hazardous materials storage and use regulations outlined in Chapter 27.

Frequently asked questions

What materials are covered by Chapter 40?

Chapter 40 specifically addresses the storage and use of oxidizers, oxidizing gases, and oxidizing cryogenic fluids.

Are there other chapters I need to consult for oxidizing materials?

Yes, compliance requires adherence to Chapter 27 for all oxidizers, Chapter 30 for oxidizing gases, and Chapter 32 for oxidizing cryogenic fluids, in addition to Chapter 40.

What are the rules for liquid oxygen in home health care?

The storage and use of liquid oxygen (LOX) in home health care in Group I-1, I-4, and R occupancies must comply with Sections 4006.2 through 4006.6, or with Chapter 27.