Sun Path: Kaki Bukit Estate, Singapore

Direct answer

For Kaki Bukit Estate at 1.3375, 103.9092, the declination-only solar-noon altitude is approximately 67.9° at the June solstice, 88.7° at an equinox and 65.2° at the December solstice. Refine these geometry checks with the project date, civil time, facade azimuth, terrain and local horizon. The reproducible location record is GeoNames ID 1881957 in administrative area 00, at 1.3375, 103.9092; replace it with the surveyed parcel point before relying on the result. As a transparent geometry check, declination-only solar-noon altitude is about 67.9° at the June solstice, 88.7° at an equinox and 65.2° at the December solstice. Representative 21st-day geometry ranges from about 11.9 hours in December to 12.1 hours in June; this excludes atmospheric refraction, terrain and obstruction effects. The cited national authority is a discovery starting point; current local documents and a named qualified reviewer control project use of this sun path record.

Prepared by Harth · Prepared from the cited location and country sources; local project inputs remain unreviewed · Published 2026-08-26 · Updated 2026-08-31.

What must be verified for Kaki Bukit Estate?

Kaki Bukit Estate is represented here at approximately 1.3375, 103.9092 for discovery and workflow planning. A project address, parcel, elevation, exposure, authority, and submission date must replace that city-centre reference before design use.

How should sun path be established?

1. Fix the surveyed site and local time basis.
2. Select an authoritative weather source or a named solar-position algorithm.
3. Record period, percentile or scenario and units.
4. Test sensitivity to elevation, exposure, urban form and horizon.
5. Save the source file, retrieval date and checker in the model record.

What are the limits of this worksheet?

This sun-path-workflow page is a project-starting worksheet, not a design value or approval. The controlling authority and qualified professionals for the Kaki Bukit Estate site remain authoritative.

Which related searches does this primary location record cover?

This primary route consolidates the location evidence needed for Sun Path, Solar Altitude & Azimuth, Solar Shading Design, Daylight & Orientation. A narrower route should be released only when it adds a materially different official source, calculation, process, threshold or worked example.

Kaki Bukit Estate monthly solar geometry check for sun path

Kaki Bukit Estate solar-geometry fingerprint at 1.3375, 103.9092

• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 January: declination -20.14°, noon altitude 68.52°, zenith 21.48°, geometric daylight 11.935 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.393.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 February: declination -11.23°, noon altitude 77.44°, zenith 12.56°, geometric daylight 11.965 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.223.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 March: declination -0.40°, noon altitude 88.26°, zenith 1.74°, geometric daylight 11.999 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.030.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 April: declination +11.58°, noon altitude 79.76°, zenith 10.24°, geometric daylight 12.037 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.181.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 May: declination +20.14°, noon altitude 71.20°, zenith 18.80°, geometric daylight 12.065 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.340.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 June: declination +23.45°, noon altitude 67.89°, zenith 22.11°, geometric daylight 12.077 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.406.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 July: declination +20.44°, noon altitude 70.90°, zenith 19.10°, geometric daylight 12.066 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.346.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 August: declination +11.75°, noon altitude 79.58°, zenith 10.42°, geometric daylight 12.037 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.184.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 September: declination -0.20°, noon altitude 88.46°, zenith 1.54°, geometric daylight 11.999 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.027.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 October: declination -11.75°, noon altitude 76.91°, zenith 13.09°, geometric daylight 11.963 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.233.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 November: declination -20.44°, noon altitude 68.22°, zenith 21.78°, geometric daylight 11.934 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.400.
• Kaki Bukit Estate, 21 December: declination -23.45°, noon altitude 65.21°, zenith 24.79°, geometric daylight 11.923 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.462.

Harth computed the Kaki Bukit Estate fingerprint for latitude 1.3375° with the Cooper declination approximation, 90° - |latitude - declination| at solar noon, centre-to-centre sunrise hour angle and 1 / tan(altitude) shadow ratio. Longitude 103.9092° is retained for a later civil-time conversion; this screen does not perform that conversion. See NOAA's solar calculation details. Atmospheric refraction, terrain, facade azimuth and obstructions remain outside this first-pass comparison.

Where can you explore related guidance?

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• All solar & daylight data guidance for Singapore

Sources and method

Location data from the GeoNames SG dump (CC BY 4.0, snapshot 2026-08-31, GeoNames ID 1881957). Regulatory starting point: Building and Construction Authority. Figures are illustrative — verify against the current locally adopted edition for the site. Solar-method context: NOAA Solar Calculation Details; the Harth monthly table uses a simpler declination and geometric-daylight approximation whose stated limitations must be retained.

Source links

• download.geonames.org

• www1.bca.gov.sg

• gml.noaa.gov