Sun Path: Ma On Shan, Hong Kong

Direct answer

For Ma On Shan at 22.4061, 114.2408, the declination-only solar-noon altitude is approximately 89.0° at the June solstice, 67.6° at an equinox and 44.2° at the December solstice. Refine these geometry checks with the project date, civil time, facade azimuth, terrain and local horizon. The reproducible location record is GeoNames ID 1819400 in administrative area NST, at 22.4061, 114.2408; replace it with the surveyed parcel point before relying on the result. As a transparent geometry check, declination-only solar-noon altitude is about 89.0° at the June solstice, 67.6° at an equinox and 44.2° at the December solstice. Representative 21st-day geometry ranges from about 10.6 hours in December to 13.4 hours in June; this excludes atmospheric refraction, terrain and obstruction effects. The cited national authority is a discovery starting point; current local documents and a named qualified reviewer control project use of this sun path record.

Prepared by Harth · Prepared from the cited location and country sources; local project inputs remain unreviewed · Published 2026-08-26 · Updated 2026-08-31.

What must be verified for Ma On Shan?

Ma On Shan is represented here at approximately 22.4061, 114.2408 for discovery and workflow planning. A project address, parcel, elevation, exposure, authority, and submission date must replace that city-centre reference before design use.

How should sun path be established?

1. Fix the surveyed site and local time basis.
2. Select an authoritative weather source or a named solar-position algorithm.
3. Record period, percentile or scenario and units.
4. Test sensitivity to elevation, exposure, urban form and horizon.
5. Save the source file, retrieval date and checker in the model record.

What are the limits of this worksheet?

This sun-path-workflow page is a project-starting worksheet, not a design value or approval. The controlling authority and qualified professionals for the Ma On Shan site remain authoritative.

Ma On Shan monthly solar geometry check for sun path

Ma On Shan solar-geometry fingerprint at 22.4061, 114.2408

• Ma On Shan, 21 January: declination -20.14°, noon altitude 47.46°, zenith 42.54°, geometric daylight 10.841 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.918.
• Ma On Shan, 21 February: declination -11.23°, noon altitude 56.37°, zenith 33.63°, geometric daylight 11.374 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.665.
• Ma On Shan, 21 March: declination -0.40°, noon altitude 67.19°, zenith 22.81°, geometric daylight 11.978 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.421.
• Ma On Shan, 21 April: declination +11.58°, noon altitude 79.17°, zenith 10.83°, geometric daylight 12.646 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.191.
• Ma On Shan, 21 May: declination +20.14°, noon altitude 87.73°, zenith 2.27°, geometric daylight 13.159 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.040.
• Ma On Shan, 21 June: declination +23.45°, noon altitude 88.96°, zenith 1.04°, geometric daylight 13.374 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.018.
• Ma On Shan, 21 July: declination +20.44°, noon altitude 88.04°, zenith 1.96°, geometric daylight 13.179 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.034.
• Ma On Shan, 21 August: declination +11.75°, noon altitude 79.35°, zenith 10.65°, geometric daylight 12.656 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.188.
• Ma On Shan, 21 September: declination -0.20°, noon altitude 67.39°, zenith 22.61°, geometric daylight 11.989 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.416.
• Ma On Shan, 21 October: declination -11.75°, noon altitude 55.84°, zenith 34.16°, geometric daylight 11.344 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.679.
• Ma On Shan, 21 November: declination -20.44°, noon altitude 47.15°, zenith 42.85°, geometric daylight 10.821 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.928.
• Ma On Shan, 21 December: declination -23.45°, noon altitude 44.14°, zenith 45.86°, geometric daylight 10.626 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 1.030.

Harth computed the Ma On Shan fingerprint for latitude 22.4061° with the Cooper declination approximation, 90° - |latitude - declination| at solar noon, centre-to-centre sunrise hour angle and 1 / tan(altitude) shadow ratio. Longitude 114.2408° is retained for a later civil-time conversion; this screen does not perform that conversion. See NOAA's solar calculation details. Atmospheric refraction, terrain, facade azimuth and obstructions remain outside this first-pass comparison.

Where can you explore related guidance?

• Explore all solar data guidance
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• All solar & daylight data guidance for Hong Kong

Sources and method

Location data from the GeoNames HK dump (CC BY 4.0, snapshot 2026-08-31, GeoNames ID 1819400). Regulatory starting point: Hong Kong Buildings Department. Figures are illustrative — verify against the current locally adopted edition for the site. Solar-method context: NOAA Solar Calculation Details; the Harth monthly table uses a simpler declination and geometric-daylight approximation whose stated limitations must be retained.

Source links

• download.geonames.org

• bd.gov.hk

• gml.noaa.gov