Solar & Daylight Data
Sun Path: Ping Shan, Hong Kong
How to research sun path for a specific site in Ping Shan — the controlling authority, source documents, and checks to run before you rely on a number.
Last updated August 31, 2026 · Location data from the [GeoNames HK dump](https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/HK.zip) (CC BY 4.0, snapshot 2026-08-31, GeoNames ID 1819101). Regulatory starting point: [Hong Kong Buildings Department](https://www.bd.gov.hk/en/resources/codes-and-references/codes-and-design-manuals/index.html). Figures are illustrative — verify against the current locally adopted edition for the site. Solar-method context: [NOAA Solar Calculation Details](https://gml.noaa.gov/grad/solcalc/calcdetails.html); the Harth monthly table uses a simpler declination and geometric-daylight approximation whose stated limitations must be retained.
Direct answer
For Ping Shan at 22.4411, 114.0061, the declination-only solar-noon altitude is approximately 89.0° at the June solstice, 67.6° at an equinox and 44.1° at the December solstice. Refine these geometry checks with the project date, civil time, facade azimuth, terrain and local horizon. The reproducible location record is GeoNames ID 1819101 in administrative area NYL, at 22.4411, 114.0061; replace it with the surveyed parcel point before relying on the result. As a transparent geometry check, declination-only solar-noon altitude is about 89.0° at the June solstice, 67.6° at an equinox and 44.1° at the December solstice. Representative 21st-day geometry ranges from about 10.6 hours in December to 13.4 hours in June; this excludes atmospheric refraction, terrain and obstruction effects. The cited national authority is a discovery starting point; current local documents and a named qualified reviewer control project use of this sun path record.
Prepared by Harth · Prepared from the cited location and country sources; local project inputs remain unreviewed · Published 2026-08-26 · Updated 2026-08-31.
What must be verified for Ping Shan?
Ping Shan is represented here at approximately 22.4411, 114.0061 for discovery and workflow planning. A project address, parcel, elevation, exposure, authority, and submission date must replace that city-centre reference before design use.
How should sun path be established?
- Fix the surveyed site and local time basis.
- Select an authoritative weather source or a named solar-position algorithm.
- Record period, percentile or scenario and units.
- Test sensitivity to elevation, exposure, urban form and horizon.
- Save the source file, retrieval date and checker in the model record.
| Input | Project-specific evidence | QA question |
|---|---|---|
| Site | surveyed coordinates, elevation and horizon | Does the point represent the building? |
| Weather/solar method | named dataset, algorithm, period and time basis | Are station, time zone and units explicit? |
| Design scenario | current and future scenario agreed by the team | Is an average being mistaken for an extreme? |
| Compliance | adopted local document and edition | Was applicability confirmed with the authority? |
What are the limits of this worksheet?
This sun-path-workflow page is a project-starting worksheet, not a design value or approval. The controlling authority and qualified professionals for the Ping Shan site remain authoritative.
Ping Shan monthly solar geometry check for sun path
| Representative date | Declination | Solar-noon altitude | Geometric daylight | Noon shadow / height |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 January | -20.14° | 47.42° | 10.839 h | 0.919 |
| 21 February | -11.23° | 56.33° | 11.373 h | 0.666 |
| 21 March | -0.40° | 67.16° | 11.978 h | 0.421 |
| 21 April | +11.58° | 79.14° | 12.647 h | 0.192 |
| 21 May | +20.14° | 87.70° | 13.161 h | 0.040 |
| 21 June | +23.45° | 88.99° | 13.376 h | 0.018 |
| 21 July | +20.44° | 88.00° | 13.181 h | 0.035 |
| 21 August | +11.75° | 79.31° | 12.657 h | 0.189 |
| 21 September | -0.20° | 67.36° | 11.989 h | 0.417 |
| 21 October | -11.75° | 55.80° | 11.343 h | 0.679 |
| 21 November | -20.44° | 47.12° | 10.819 h | 0.929 |
| 21 December | -23.45° | 44.11° | 10.624 h | 1.032 |
Ping Shan solar-geometry fingerprint at 22.4411, 114.0061
- Ping Shan, 21 January: declination -20.14°, noon altitude 47.42°, zenith 42.58°, geometric daylight 10.839 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.919.
- Ping Shan, 21 February: declination -11.23°, noon altitude 56.33°, zenith 33.67°, geometric daylight 11.373 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.666.
- Ping Shan, 21 March: declination -0.40°, noon altitude 67.16°, zenith 22.84°, geometric daylight 11.978 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.421.
- Ping Shan, 21 April: declination +11.58°, noon altitude 79.14°, zenith 10.86°, geometric daylight 12.647 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.192.
- Ping Shan, 21 May: declination +20.14°, noon altitude 87.70°, zenith 2.30°, geometric daylight 13.161 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.040.
- Ping Shan, 21 June: declination +23.45°, noon altitude 88.99°, zenith 1.01°, geometric daylight 13.376 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.018.
- Ping Shan, 21 July: declination +20.44°, noon altitude 88.00°, zenith 2.00°, geometric daylight 13.181 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.035.
- Ping Shan, 21 August: declination +11.75°, noon altitude 79.31°, zenith 10.69°, geometric daylight 12.657 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.189.
- Ping Shan, 21 September: declination -0.20°, noon altitude 67.36°, zenith 22.64°, geometric daylight 11.989 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.417.
- Ping Shan, 21 October: declination -11.75°, noon altitude 55.80°, zenith 34.20°, geometric daylight 11.343 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.679.
- Ping Shan, 21 November: declination -20.44°, noon altitude 47.12°, zenith 42.88°, geometric daylight 10.819 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 0.929.
- Ping Shan, 21 December: declination -23.45°, noon altitude 44.11°, zenith 45.89°, geometric daylight 10.624 hours, and vertical-object noon shadow ratio 1.032.
Harth computed the Ping Shan fingerprint for latitude 22.4411° with the Cooper declination approximation, 90° - |latitude - declination| at solar noon, centre-to-centre sunrise hour angle and 1 / tan(altitude) shadow ratio. Longitude 114.0061° is retained for a later civil-time conversion; this screen does not perform that conversion. See NOAA's solar calculation details. Atmospheric refraction, terrain, facade azimuth and obstructions remain outside this first-pass comparison.
Where can you explore related guidance?
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- All solar & daylight data guidance for Hong Kong
- Climate Design Data: Ping Shan, Hong Kong
Sources and method
Location data from the GeoNames HK dump (CC BY 4.0, snapshot 2026-08-31, GeoNames ID 1819101). Regulatory starting point: Hong Kong Buildings Department. Figures are illustrative — verify against the current locally adopted edition for the site. Solar-method context: NOAA Solar Calculation Details; the Harth monthly table uses a simpler declination and geometric-daylight approximation whose stated limitations must be retained.
Source links
Frequently asked questions
What does the sun path record for Ping Shan establish?
The sun path record for Ping Shan establishes a reproducible discovery point at 22.4411, 114.0061 (GeoNames ID 1819101, administrative area NYL) and a Hong Kong source path. It does not establish a final project value, approval or parcel decision.
What must be replaced before using this sun path workflow for a project in Ping Shan?
For the sun path record in Ping Shan, replace the 22.4411, 114.0061 city reference with the surveyed site or parcel, identify the competent local authority, and verify the current documents under Buildings Ordinance, subsidiary regulations, codes of practice, and practice notes. Record the edition, retrieval date, units, assumptions and named checker before relying on the result.
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